Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) is one of the most famous winter-season cut flowers admired globally for its tall spikes, dragon-shaped blooms, long vase life, and rich color varieties. Known as Dog Flower in India, and “Snapdragon” in Europe and the USA, this flower gets its name because pressing the sides of its blossom makes it look like a dragon opening its mouth.

Snapdragon is commercially cultivated across Netherlands, USA, Japan, Italy, Israel, Kenya, India, and China. It is a major flower in the cut-flower industry, especially in international flower auctions.
It comes in a wide color spectrum like pink, red, yellow, purple, white, orange, and bi-colors, making it a favorite for:

High-end bouquets

Wedding decorations

Church & festival décor

Floral arrangements

Indoor ornamental use

Apart from ornamental use, Snapdragon has applications in perfume, essential oil industry, dye extraction, and natural food coloring due to the presence of anthocyanin pigments.

Snapdragon is one of the most profitable winter-season exotic flowers because:

High demand in flower shops & premium florists

High vase-life of 7–14 days

Perfect for exports

Works well in greenhouse/polyhouse farming

Strong demand in weddings & events

Is blog me hum A to Z Snapdragon farming, soil, climate, seed propagation, greenhouse production, pest management, harvesting, global market, trade, uses, health benefits, FAQs, and USD profit model detail se cover karenge.

Scientific Classification & Origin

Common Name: Snapdragon / Dog Flower

Scientific Name: Antirrhinum majus

Family: Plantaginaceae

Origin: Mediterranean & Southern Europe

Plant Type: Annual/Biennial

Height: 30 cm – 120 cm

Top Producers: Netherlands, Kenya, USA, Japan, Italy, India

Snapdragon is native to the Mediterranean mountains, where it evolved as a hardy winter flower. Its commercial adoption began in Netherlands, the world leader in flower auctions.

Globally, Snapdragon is among the top 15 cut-flower varieties sold in floral markets due to its unique shape, color range, and premium appeal.

Snapdragon Flower Farming Guide

Climate Requirement

Snapdragon is a cool-season crop.
Best climate:

Temperature: 15–22°C

Humidity: 50–70%

Cannot tolerate high temperatures above 30°C

Prefers long-day and bright light

Best grown in:

Winter climates (India)

Greenhouses (tropical countries)

Soil Requirement

Well-drained sandy loam soil

pH 6.0–7.0

Soil rich in organic matter

Avoid heavy clay soils

Before planting, add:

Farmyard manure (FYM 15–20 tons/ha)

Neem cake 300–500 kg/ha

Propagation Methods

Snapdragon is propagated through seeds.

Seed germination temperature: 16–20°C

Germination time: 8–14 days

Transplanting after 30–35 days

Seeds are extremely fine — mix with sand for uniform sowing

Hybrid varieties are commercially used for export-quality flowers.

Planting & Spacing

Best planting time: September–November

Spacing:

20 × 30 cm (dwarf)

30 × 45 cm (tall varieties)

Plant density: 35,000–45,000 plants/ha

Irrigation

Light irrigation every 7–10 days

Drip irrigation is ideal

Avoid wet leaves to prevent fungal diseases

Fertilizer Schedule

Basal Dose:

FYM: 20 tons/ha

NPK: 60:40:40

Top Dressing:

Nitrogen every 25–30 days

Micronutrients: Boron, Calcium, Magnesium

Foliar sprays: 19:19:19 once every 15 days

Good nutrition boosts:

Spikes length

Number of florets

Color brightness

Pest & Disease Management

Common Pests:

Aphids

Thrips

Caterpillars

Whiteflies

Control:

Neem oil 2%

Sticky traps

Organic insecticidal soap

Diseases:

Damping off

Fusarium wilt

Powdery mildew

Rust

Stem rot

Control:

Trichoderma in soil

Copper fungicide

Proper ventilation

Flowering & Harvesting

Flowering

Begins in 70–90 days

Tall spikes harvested at ⅓ florets open stage

Best quality spikes: 60–90 cm

Harvesting

Harvest early morning

Cut stem at 45° angle

Immediately keep in preservative solution

Shelf Life

7–14 days (due to long-lasting spikes)

Excellent for export

Post-Harvest Handling

Grade by stem length and spike quality

Bundles of 10 or 20 stems

Cold storage at 2–4°C

Export in corrugated boxes

Global Market & Trade Analysis

Snapdragon is a high-value export flower.

Global Market Size (2024):

USD 1.3 billion

Major Exporters:

Netherlands

Kenya

Israel

Colombia

Japan

India (growing market)

Top Importers:

Germany

UK

UAE

USA

France

Singapore

Australia

Price Trends

Wholesale: $0.40–1 per stem

Retail: $2–4 per stem

Bouquets: $10–35 per bunch

Snapdragon is a preferred winter flower in Europe & the USA due to its:

Long vase life

Luxury appeal

Exotic shape

Netherlands Flower Auctions control 60% of global Snapdragon trade.

Uses of Snapdragon Flower

Ornamental Uses – gardens, landscapes, balconies

Cut Flowers – bouquets, wedding arches, arrangements

Perfume Industry – aromatic extracts used in perfumes

Food Coloring – anthocyanin-based natural pigment

Ayurveda & Herbal Uses – anti-inflammatory

Cosmetic Industry – used in creams and soaps

Health Benefits of Snapdragon

Anti-inflammatory

Reduces swelling

Used for healing minor skin wounds

Antioxidant

Stress-relief aroma

Improves mood

Traditional herbal medicine uses Snapdragon paste for skin cooling.

Precautions & Side Effects

Not edible

Sensitive skin may react

Avoid ingestion by pets

Use gloves while pruning

Cost & Profit Analysis (USD)

Investment per hectare

Land + preparation: $3,000

Seeds: $1,200

Fertilizer + irrigation: $1,500

Labor: $2,000

Total Cost: $7,000–8,500

Revenue

Production: 180,000–250,000 stems/ha

Selling price: $0.40–1 per stem

Total Revenue: $25,000–60,000

Net Profit

$18,000–45,000 per hectare annually

Snapdragon = Top 5 profitable winter cut flower crops.

  FAQs

(Ready-to-publish):

How long does Snapdragon take to grow?

Which climate is best for Snapdragon farming?

Can Snapdragon grow in pots?

What is Snapdragon used for?

Is Snapdragon edible?

How much profit from Snapdragon farming?

How many stems per hectare?

How to increase stem length?

Which fertilizer is best for Snapdragon?

Can Snapdragon be grown organically?

What is Snapdragon’s vase life?

Which country exports Snapdragon the most?

How to control rust disease in Snapdragon?

Can Snapdragon grow in hot climate?

What is the spacing for Snapdragon plants?

Is Snapdragon good for bouquets?

How to store Snapdragon after harvest?

Can Snapdragon be exported?

Which Snapdragon variety is best for cut-flowers?

What is Snapdragon’s symbolic meaning? (Strength & grace)

Conclusion

Snapdragon farming is a high-profit floriculture business with strong global demand in the cut-flower, wedding, festival, and perfume industries. Its long, colorful spikes and long shelf life make it a premium flower in global flower auctions.

With proper winter farming or greenhouse systems, Snapdragon can yield excellent returns of $18,000–45,000 per hectare. This makes it one of the most profitable flowers after roses, gerberas, lilies, and carnations.

Snapdragon is not just a beautiful flower — it is a strong business opportunity for floriculture entrepreneurs in India and worldwide.

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