Learn complete Chrysanthemum (Guldaudi) flower farming guide with cultivation, market demand, medicinal uses, health benefits, profit analysis, and FAQs.
🌱 Introduction
Chrysanthemum, commonly known as “Guldaudi” in India, is one of the most loved ornamental flowers in the world. It belongs to the family Asteraceae and is native to East Asia, especially China and Japan. In fact, Chrysanthemums are considered the “Queen of Autumn” because they bloom during the late season when most flowers start to fade.
This flower is not just about beauty. It carries cultural, medicinal, and commercial value. In China, Chrysanthemum tea is an important part of traditional medicine, believed to reduce fever, improve vision, and detoxify the body. In Japan, it is a symbol of longevity and rejuvenation. In India, Guldaudi is grown widely for ornamental gardens, floral decorations, religious rituals, and commercial cut-flowers.
Chrysanthemum cultivation is a profitable venture because the flowers are in constant demand in domestic as well as international markets. It is used for making garlands, bouquets, religious offerings, festivals, weddings, tea, and herbal medicine. Additionally, global trade of chrysanthemum tea, extracts, and essential oils is growing rapidly.
In this blog, we will explore a complete A to Z guide on Chrysanthemum flower farming, covering farming methods, soil requirements, irrigation, propagation techniques, pest management, harvesting, global market trends, health benefits, medicinal uses, and profitability. Whether you are a farmer, entrepreneur, or student of agriculture, this guide will help you understand why Chrysanthemum is a goldmine flower crop in today’s world.
🌍 Scientific Classification & Origin
Scientific Name: Chrysanthemum morifolium
Family: Asteraceae
Common Names: Guldaudi (India), Mums (USA), Ju Hua (China), Kiku (Japan)
Origin: China (later spread to Japan, Korea, and rest of the world)
Chrysanthemum has a history of more than 2,500 years. It was first cultivated in China as a medicinal herb. By the 8th century, it reached Japan where it became a royal symbol and is still celebrated during the annual Chrysanthemum Festival (Kiku Matsuri). Later, traders introduced it to Europe in the 17th century and then to the rest of the world.
Today, China, India, Japan, Netherlands, USA, and Colombia are the leading producers. The flower is grown in various forms – spray, standard, decorative, pompon, spoon-shaped, and spider varieties – each having its unique beauty and commercial demand.
🌱 Farming Guide
🌾 Soil & Climate
Prefers well-drained loamy soil with pH 6.5–7.0
Requires mild climate (15–20°C)
Needs full sunlight (6–8 hours daily)
Sensitive to frost and waterlogging
🌱 Propagation
Done by cuttings, suckers, and tissue culture
Seed propagation is rare (used only in breeding programs)
Terminal cuttings of 5–7 cm length root within 15–20 days
🌿 Land Preparation
Plough 2–3 times for a fine tilth
Add FYM (Farmyard manure) @ 20 tons/acre
Raised beds preferred for better drainage
💧 Irrigation
Frequent light irrigation is needed
Weekly watering during vegetative stage
Avoid overhead irrigation to prevent fungal diseases
🌸 Fertilizers
Basal dose: NPK (100:80:80 kg/ha)
Foliar spray of micronutrients improves flower quality
Application of vermicompost/organic manure enhances soil health
🪴 Planting
Spacing: 30 × 30 cm (standard)
Plant density: ~40,000 plants per hectare
Mulching recommended to retain soil moisture
🐛 Pest & Disease Management
- Aphids & Thrips – Control with neem oil or Imidacloprid
- Leaf miners – Spray organic insecticides
- Powdery mildew – Use sulfur dusting
- Stem rot & wilt – Ensure proper drainage
✂️ Pinching & Pruning
Pinching (removal of terminal buds) encourages bushy growth
First pinching: 30 days after planting
Second pinching: 60 days after planting
🌼 Flowering & Harvesting
Flowering starts in 90–120 days after planting
Harvesting done when flowers are half to fully open
Standard chrysanthemums used for cut-flowers
Spray types harvested with multiple blooms per stem
📦 Post-Harvest Management
Flowers stored at 2–4°C
Graded according to size and quality
Packed in cartons for transport
Vase life: 10–15 days with preservatives
💰 Global Market & Trade
Chrysanthemum is among the top 10 cut flowers traded worldwide.
Global Market Value (2024): USD 3.8 billion
Expected CAGR (2025–2030): 5–6%
Major Exporters: Netherlands, Colombia, India, China, Kenya
Major Importers: USA, Germany, UK, Japan, UAE
In India, Chrysanthemum flowers sell at ₹120–150 per kg (USD 1.5–2) in wholesale markets. During festivals & weddings, the price can go up to ₹250 per kg (USD 3–3.5).
Chrysanthemum Tea Market:
China is the leader in Chrysanthemum tea export
1 kg dried Chrysanthemum flowers = USD 15–25
Export demand is rising in USA, UK, Middle East, and Europe
🌸 Uses of Chrysanthemum
- Ornamental Uses – Gardens, landscaping, bouquets, garlands, festivals
- Religious Uses – Worship, rituals, temple offerings
- Medicinal Uses – Chrysanthemum tea for cold, fever, blood pressure
- Cultural Uses – Japan’s National Flower; China’s traditional medicine
- Industrial Uses – Essential oil, perfumes, cosmetics
- Insect Repellent – Source of Pyrethrum, a natural insecticide
🌿 Health Benefits
Reduces fever & inflammation
Improves vision & eye health
Controls high blood pressure
Rich in antioxidants
Boosts immunity
Detoxifies liver & blood
Reduces stress & anxiety
⚠️ Precautions & Side Effects
May cause allergic reaction in sensitive skin
Not recommended during pregnancy in excess
Can interact with blood pressure medications
Overconsumption of tea may cause nausea
💵 Cost & Profit Analysis
Cost of Cultivation (1 acre): USD 1,500–2,000
Yield (1 acre): 8–10 tons flowers annually
Market Price: USD 1.5–3 per kg (fresh flowers)
Total Revenue: USD 12,000–15,000 per acre
Net Profit: USD 9,000–12,000 per acre annually
High-value income possible from Chrysanthemum tea & export markets.
❓ FAQs (15 SEO Questions)
- What is Chrysanthemum used for?
- How to grow Guldaudi flowers?
- Which country is the largest producer of Chrysanthemums?
- Can Chrysanthemum tea reduce blood pressure?
- How profitable is Chrysanthemum farming?
- What climate is best for Chrysanthemum?
- How long does it take for Chrysanthemum to bloom?
- Is Chrysanthemum farming organic-friendly?
- What are common pests of Chrysanthemum?
- How to increase flower size in Guldaudi?
- Which Chrysanthemum variety is best for tea?
- Can Chrysanthemum grow in pots?
- What is the price of Chrysanthemum per kg in India?
- Which countries import Chrysanthemum flowers most?
- How to store Chrysanthemum after harvest?
✅ Conclusion
Chrysanthemum farming is one of the most profitable ventures in the floriculture industry. With its wide range of uses – from ornamental beauty to medicinal tea and industrial products – Chrysanthemum is truly a global flower. For farmers, it offers low investment and high returns, especially when linked to export markets and value-added products like dried tea flowers and essential oils.
With proper cultivation practices, pest management, and marketing strategies, Chrysanthemum farming can generate consistent income throughout the year. For entrepreneurs, this flower is not just a crop, but a gateway to domestic and international business opportunities.
✍️Real Neel
Founder -Farming Writers
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